Self-handicapping, excuse making, and counterfactual thinking: Consequences for self-esteem and future motivation.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Self-handicapping, excuse making, and counterfactual thinking: consequences for self-esteem and future motivation.
Researchers interested in counterfactual thinking have often found that upward counterfactual thoughts lead to increased motivation to improve in the future, although at the cost of increased negative affect. The present studies suggest that because upward counterfactual thoughts indicate reasons for a poor performance, they can also serve as excuses. In this case, upward counterfactual thought...
متن کاملCounterfactual thinking, 1 Running head: Self-handicapping and excusing counterfactuals Self-handicapping, excuse-making, and counterfactual thinking: Consequences for self-esteem and future motivation
Past research on counterfactual thinking has often found that upward counterfactual thoughts lead to increased motivation to improve in future, although at the cost of increased negative affect. The present studies suggest that because upward counterfactual thoughts indicate reasons for a poor performance, they can also serve as excuses. In this case, upward counterfactual thoughts should resul...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1939-1315,0022-3514
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.95.2.274